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Nursing is one of the most rewarding and in-demand careers out there. Nursing offers endless opportunities if you’re drawn to helping others, fascinated by healthcare, or looking for a stable and fulfilling job.
Becoming a nurse isn’t just about wearing scrubs and having a kind heart. It takes dedication, education, and a whole lot of hard work. From choosing the right nursing path to passing the all-important NCLEX exam, there are several steps you need to take before you can officially call yourself a nurse.
This guide will walk you through everything you need to know so you can confidently start your journey toward a career in nursing. Let’s dive in!
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Assessing If Nursing is the Right Career for You
Nursing takes commitment and heart. You must be ready for long hours, physical tasks, and emotional challenges. Patients count on you during their hardest moments. It can be challenging but also deeply rewarding.
Think about your skills and feelings toward patient care. Do you enjoy helping others? Nurses often work in busy healthcare settings like hospitals or clinics. The job requires problem-solving, quick thinking, and teamwork with doctors and other health professionals.
Educational Pathways and Requirements
Pick the nursing degree that fits your goals and timeline. Different programs lead to unique skills and opportunities in healthcare settings.
ADN vs. BSN
An Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN) takes about 2 years to complete. A Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) takes 4 years. Both prepare you for the NCLEX exam to become a registered nurse (RN).
A BSN opens more doors in healthcare settings, like leadership or specialty roles. Jobs like neonatal nurses or critical care may prefer BSNs due to advanced education. Hospitals sometimes choose BSNs because of their training in evidence-based practice and clinical informatics.
Accelerated BSN Programs
Accelerated BSN programs let you become a registered nurse (RN) fast. These programs last 12 to 18 months. They work best for people with a bachelor’s degree in another field but want to switch careers.
You will cover nursing basics and advanced patient care quickly. Classes include health assessments, pharmacology, and intensive care training. Clinical rotations help you gain hands-on experience in healthcare settings like hospitals or outpatient care centers.
Online vs. On-Campus Programs
Online programs let you study from anywhere. Many offer flexible options like live or self-paced classes. Some are hybrid, mixing online learning with on-campus clinical training. These can help if you need a balance between work and school.
On-campus programs give in-person support and hands-on experiences. You’ll meet instructors and peers face-to-face in healthcare settings like hospitals or outpatient care centers.
Consider your schedule, goals, and needs before choosing the best format for you. Always check the program’s accreditation to ensure it meets licensure requirements.
Prerequisites and Admission Requirements
Most nursing programs require a GPA of 2.5 or higher. You often need to submit transcripts, a resume, and professional letters of recommendation. Many schools ask for a letter of intent explaining your goals in nursing.
An application fee is usually required too.
You must complete specific courses before applying. These might include anatomy, microbiology, chemistry, and basic life support (BLS) training. Some programs also need entrance exams like the TEAS or HESI test.
For state licensure as a registered nurse (RN), you must graduate from an accredited program and pass the NCLEX-RN exam.
Step-by-Step Guide to Becoming a Nurse
Step 1: Applying to Nursing School
Finding the right nursing school is an exciting step in your journey. Focus on schools that match your goals and offer strong programs.
Researching Accredited Programs
Choose an accredited nursing program to meet licensure requirements. Accreditation ensures quality education and financial aid eligibility. Look for programs approved by organizations like the Commission on Collegiate Nursing Education (CCNE) or the Accreditation Commission for Education in Nursing (ACEN).
These accreditors guarantee that the program follows the proper standards.
Check admission requirements before applying. Some programs require prerequisites, such as biology or chemistry courses. Also, review whether they offer online, on-campus, or hybrid options to fit your schedule.
Graduating from an accredited school is required for state licensing, so this step is crucial!
Application Process and Requirements
Start by checking the nursing prerequisites for your desired program. Most schools require a minimum GPA, completed transcripts, and admission fees. Some programs also require resumes, letters of recommendation, and personal statements.
Accredited programs are the best choice, as they ensure quality education.
You may need to take entrance exams like TEAS or HESI before admission. These assess math, reading, science, and critical thinking skills. You must complete clinical experience in all nursing courses to gain hands-on training.
Pay attention to deadlines so you don’t miss out!
Entrance Exams (TEAS, HESI)
The TEAS and HESI are key exams for nursing school admissions. These tests measure your reading, math, science, and English skills. Schools use them to check if you’re ready for the demanding coursework.
Scoring well is important, as some programs have strict score requirements.
Prepare by studying the content and format of these exams closely. Practice questions help you feel confident during the test. Time management is essential because each section has a set limit.
A strong score boosts your chances of getting into top nursing programs like those offering BSN or ADN degrees.
Step 2: Completing Your Nursing Education
Nursing school requires focus and effort. You’ll balance hands-on training with classroom learning to build your skills.
Coursework and Key Subjects
You will study subjects like anatomy, physiology, microbiology, and psychology. These help you understand the human body and mind. Social sciences are also part of most programs that help build communication skills.
Every program includes clinical experience. You practice patient care directly under supervision and learn about diseases, medications, and techniques used in healthcare settings.
This prepares you for different roles, such as registered or licensed practical nurses.
Clinical Rotations
Clinical rotations let you practice patient care in real healthcare settings. You work in places like hospitals, clinics, and nursing homes. Tasks include assessing patients, giving medications, and coordinating treatments.
These hands-on experiences build skills like clear communication and quick decision-making.
You learn to handle the physical and emotional challenges of being a nurse. Clinical rotations prepare you for real-world demands while helping meet graduation requirements. Before taking your NCLEX exam to become a registered nurse (RN), they’re a must.
Study and Time Management Tips
Break your study time into smaller chunks. Use short sessions to focus better and avoid burnout. For example, try studying for 25 minutes, then taking a 5-minute break. This is called the Pomodoro Technique.
Create a calendar for tasks like clinical hours, classes, and assignments. Prioritize what’s due first or takes more effort. Use tools such as planners or apps to stay organized.
Plan for busy weeks with night shifts or long hours in healthcare settings.
Step 3: Passing the NCLEX Examination
The NCLEX exam tests your nursing knowledge and critical thinking. It includes at least 75 questions, but you could answer up to 265. You get a maximum of 6 hours to complete it.
Prepare by studying key topics like patient care and safety, using practice exams to improve speed and accuracy, and focusing on areas like advanced cardiac life support (ACLS) if needed for your role.
Stay calm, manage time wisely, and read each question carefully. This step allows you to become a registered or licensed vocational nurse in your state.
Step 4: Obtaining State Licensure
Each state has its own licensing rules for nurses. You must apply, meet the requirements, and get approved to start working.
State-Specific Requirements
Each state has its own rules for nursing licensure. To start, you must graduate from an accredited program and pass the NCLEX-RN exam. Some states also require a criminal background check before issuing your license.
Licensing laws can affect where you work as a registered nurse. For example, some areas might have different renewal or continuing education policies. Researching your state’s specific requirements early helps avoid surprises later in your nursing career.
Steps to Apply for Licensure
Apply for licensure after graduating from an accredited nursing program. Submit your application to your state’s board of nursing. Include a completed form and pay the required fee.
States may also ask for proof of graduation, fingerprints, and a background check.
Pass the NCLEX-RN exam before getting licensed as a registered nurse (RN). Some states might require extra steps, like additional exams or certifications for advanced roles such as nurse practitioners or clinical nurse specialists.
Always meet continuing education requirements to keep your license active.
License Renewal and Continuing Education
Nurse licenses must be renewed every two years. Most states require proof of continuing education credits for this process. These courses keep you updated on patient care and healthcare trends.
You can take classes online or in person. Topics may include nursing informatics, mental health care, or neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Continuing education helps you stay sharp and improve your skills as a healthcare professional.
Step 5: Choosing a Nursing Specialty
Choosing a nursing specialty shapes your career path and daily work. Consider your interests, strengths, and the type of patients you want to help.
Pediatric Nursing
Pediatric nursing focuses on caring for babies, kids, and teens. You need to love working with children and their families. Their medical needs are unique, so patience is key. A Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) helps you start this career.
To advance further, you can pursue a Master of Science in Nursing (MSN).
You can work in hospitals, outpatient clinics, or even schools. Certifications like Certified Pediatric Nurse (CPN) or Certified Pediatric Emergency Nurse (CPEN) boost your skills and job options.
Continuing education keeps your knowledge fresh and opens doors for growth in this field.
Geriatric Nursing
Geriatric nursing focuses on caring for elderly patients. You will assess their needs, track medical histories, and give medications. As a geriatric nurse, you work closely with healthcare professionals like doctors and therapists to create care plans.
The aging population grows each year, boosting demand for geriatric nurses. To start this career, you need a nursing degree and pass the NCLEX exam. Gaining experience in healthcare settings that serve older adults can help, too!
Critical Care Nursing
Critical care nursing focuses on patients with life-threatening illnesses. You might work in intensive care units or emergency rooms. These patients need constant attention and monitoring.
To become one, you must earn a BSN or ADN and pass the NCLEX-RN exam for your license. Advanced practice roles may need a Master’s degree with acute care specialization. The average salary in 2023 was $86,070 for registered nurses (RNs) in this specialty.
Some advanced positions earned about $129,480 annually. Strong communication and quick decision-making are key to excelling here!
Nurse Anesthetist
A nurse anesthetist (CRNA) is one of the highest-paying nursing specialties. As of 2023, CRNAs had a median salary of $212,650. You prepare and deliver anesthesia during surgeries, childbirth, or other procedures.
Patient safety is your top focus while providing care.
Starting in 2025, you’ll need a Doctorate in Nursing Practice (DNP) to become certified. The role requires years of education and clinical training. But it’s rewarding if you love advanced patient care and healthcare challenges.
Step 6: Gaining Experience and Finding Employment
Start with gaining practical skills in healthcare settings like hospitals or outpatient care centers. Use resources to refine your resume and prepare for interviews confidently.
Job Search
Use job boards like Indeed or Glassdoor to find openings. Check local healthcare facilities for positions, too. A Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) or staff nurse role can build your experience.
Show passion for nursing during interviews. Network with groups like the American Nurses Association to access resources and leads. These connections help you find jobs faster in various healthcare settings, like outpatient care centers or children’s hospitals.
Healthcare Settings
Hospitals are typical workplaces for nurses. They pay an average of $96,830 per year. You may also work in outpatient care centers, which offer the highest average salary at $102,640 annually.
Nursing and residential care facilities pay about $87,430 each year.
Educational services are another option. These settings focus on teaching future healthcare specialists or providing training programs for staff. The annual pay here averages $71,550, but you can help shape new professionals in patient care.
Each setting offers unique experiences and challenges based on the care provided and the patients served.
Resume and Interview Tips
Highlight any nursing certifications or continuing education on your resume. This shows your commitment to learning and patient care. Include specific training, like working with electronic health records, or clinical experiences from school.
Practice common interview questions about teamwork and compassion. Discuss times you worked well in a healthcare team or helped solve problems. Research the hospital or clinic before the interview to align your answers with their values.
Understanding the Different Types of Nursing Roles
Nursing offers many roles to suit different skills and goals. Each role focuses on specific care tasks, education levels, and abilities.
Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA)
A Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) provides basic patient care. You support nurses and help patients with daily needs like eating, bathing, or moving around. Training is quick, just 4 to 8 weeks, and focuses on hands-on skills for nursing facilities or homes.
CNAs earn about $30,850 each year. This role is a great starting point if you’re exploring healthcare careers. You’ll work in hospitals, skilled nursing facilities, and outpatient care settings.
It’s perfect for gaining experience while deciding on your next step in registered nursing or other advanced roles, such as a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN).
Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN)
An LPN program takes about 12 months to finish. You learn basic nursing skills, like patient care and giving medicine. Training happens in classroom settings and care facilities.
LPNs earn a median yearly pay of $59,730. They work in nursing homes, hospitals, or outpatient care centers. This role is perfect for starting your nursing career quickly.
Associate Degree in Nursing (ADN)
ADN programs take two years to finish. They teach you how to care for patients and perform basic medical tasks. Many nursing schools offer this degree, making it a fast way to start your career.
With an ADN, you qualify to take the NCLEX exam. Passing this test makes you a registered nurse (RN). Hospitals, clinics, and outpatient care centers often hire RNs with ADNs for patient care roles.
This path is quicker than earning a Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN), so it’s great if you want to work sooner in healthcare settings like intensive-care units or neonatal units.
Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN)
A Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) takes four years to complete. It covers both nursing education and hands-on patient care. You’ll learn about critical care, mental health, childbirth, and diagnostic tests.
The program prepares you to work as a registered nurse in hospitals, outpatient care centers, or other healthcare settings.
Accelerated BSN programs are faster, lasting 12 to 18 months. These are great if you already have another degree but want a career change. A BSN opens doors for advanced roles like nurse practitioners or clinical nurse specialists, boosting earning potential over an associate degree in nursing.
Nurse Practitioner (NP)
Nurse Practitioners (NPs) provide advanced patient care. You diagnose illnesses, prescribe medicine, and develop treatment plans. This role requires a Master of Science in Nursing (MSN).
After earning your Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN), you must complete an MSN program in two years.
NPs earn a median salary of $126,260 each year. You can work in various healthcare settings, such as outpatient care centers or hospitals. Many NPs choose specialties such as pediatrics or mental health nursing.
As an NP, you handle chronic illnesses, emergency care, and even substance abuse cases using evidence-based practices.
Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS)
A Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) focuses on improving patient care and healthcare systems. You need advanced training and certification to take this role. CNS professionals often work with teams, train nursing staff, and improve practices in hospitals or outpatient care centers.
The median salary for a CNS is $132,680. This high pay reflects the level of education needed, such as an MSN degree. Many CNSs specialize in areas like mental healthcare or chronic health conditions.
They also use evidence-based practice to guide decisions and ensure quality outcomes.
Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA)
Nurse anesthetists (CRNAs) handle anesthesia during surgeries and procedures. You’ll work closely with physicians, surgeons, and other medical professionals in hospitals or outpatient care centers.
CRNAs provide advanced patient care, ensuring comfort and safety before, during, and after operations.
Earning a Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) will be required to become a CRNA starting in 2025. This role comes with responsibility and great rewards. The median salary for nurse anesthetists is $212,650 per year.
It’s one of the best-paying nursing careers in healthcare settings today!
Nurse Educator
As a nurse educator, you guide future nurses. You help nursing students choose their paths, such as becoming registered nurses or certified nursing assistants. Teaching about nursing degrees, such as BSN or ADN, is part of your work.
You stress the need to pass the NCLEX exam and get state licensure. You also show the importance of continuing education for career growth. With more people needing healthcare, your role helps meet the demand for skilled professionals in outpatient care centers and hospitals.
Advancing Your Nursing Career
Gain advanced certifications or explore leadership training to boost your career. Focus on skills that align with your goals and interests in patient care.
Earning Specialty Certifications
Specialty certifications can make a big difference in your nursing career. They show your skills and dedication to specific nursing roles like pediatric nursing or critical care. Employers often prefer nurses with these extra credentials; some even require them for particular jobs.
These certifications may also boost your paychecks. For example, being certified as a clinical nurse specialist or psychiatric and mental health nurse practitioner can lead to higher salaries.
While many are optional, they improve job choices and increase respect in healthcare settings like outpatient care centers or hospitals.
Continuing Education and Advanced Degrees (MSN, DNP, PhD)
Earning an MSN takes about two years after your BSN. This degree can open doors to advanced roles like a Nurse Practitioner or Clinical Nurse Specialist. You’ll focus more on leadership, research, and specialized patient care.
A DNP is required for Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists (CRNAs) starting in 2025. PhD programs prepare you for teaching or research positions. These degrees let you impact healthcare beyond patient care, like improving policies or leading big projects.
Leadership and Administrative Roles
You can grow your nursing career by stepping into leadership roles. Nurse administrators manage teams, plan budgets, and improve patient care systems. This path blends healthcare knowledge with strong management skills.
These roles pay well, earning a median salary of $110,680.
Leadership jobs include becoming directors or managers in outpatient care centers or hospitals. You may handle schedules, staff training, and solve problems in busy healthcare settings.
Advanced degrees like MSN or DNP make you stand out for these positions.
Transitioning to Nurse Educator or Research Positions
Becoming a nurse educator means teaching future nurses. You will need a Master’s degree or higher for this role. Many work in schools, hospitals, or outpatient care centers. Specializing in areas like pediatrics or mental health can boost your career prospects.
Research roles require a doctoral degree and strong research methods skills. These jobs often focus on evidence-based practice to improve patient care. Both positions usually offer higher salaries than bedside nursing.
Staying updated with nursing certifications and continuing education is key for success here.
The Bottom Line
Becoming a nurse is a rewarding journey. You now know the steps from education to licensure to follow this career path. Focus on choosing the proper role and specialty that fits your goals.
Use practical tips to manage time and succeed in school, exams, and beyond. Nursing offers endless opportunities to grow and make an impact. Take the first step today your future patients need you!
Additional reading: How to Become a Flight Attendant
